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Using a VPN is a great way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple for a rear door to get past the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI had to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a rear door or comparable hack is different, it will become a target, a decoration for the poor guys. It will leak sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document key you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel with these options.
One sort of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. Another creates a virtual disc drive that, when open, acts like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, all the documents you put into it are completely inaccessible. .
Like the virtual drive solution, a few products store your encrypted information in the cloud. This approach demands extreme caution, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a much larger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It really depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you're not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial provided by each of these products to have a sense of the different options.
Once you copy a document into protected storage, or create check my blog an encrypted version of it, you definitely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Simply deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you skip the Recycle Bin, because the information still exists on disc, and data recovery utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products avoid this problem by encrypting the file in place, literally overwriting it on disc using an encrypted version. It is more common, however, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you select a product that lacks this feature, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic recovery functions since the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It's more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known data and reading around the borders of what's left.
An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other file into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, with the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and all of the products gathered here support AES. Even those that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption specialist, you might prefer another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the average consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you must keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, register it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. Another is personal, and needs to be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a key document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can make a digital signature that proves your document came from you and hasn't been modified. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact your public key decrypts it's all the proof you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to talk about a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are different options for sharing. Many products allow creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.